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/**
 * WP_Application_Passwords class
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @since   5.6.0
 */

/**
 * Class for displaying, modifying, and sanitizing application passwords.
 *
 * @package WordPress
 */
#[AllowDynamicProperties]
class WP_Application_Passwords {

	/**
	 * The application passwords user meta key.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const USERMETA_KEY_APPLICATION_PASSWORDS = &#039;_application_passwords&#039;;

	/**
	 * The option name used to store whether application passwords are in use.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const OPTION_KEY_IN_USE = &#039;using_application_passwords&#039;;

	/**
	 * The generated application password length.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const PW_LENGTH = 24;

	/**
	 * Checks if application passwords are being used by the site.
	 *
	 * This returns true if at least one application password has ever been created.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public static function is_in_use() {
		$network_id = get_main_network_id();
		return (bool) get_network_option( $network_id, self::OPTION_KEY_IN_USE );
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 * @since 5.7.0 Returns WP_Error if application name already exists.
	 * @since 6.8.0 The hashed password value now uses wp_fast_hash() instead of phpass.
	 *
	 * @param int   $user_id  User ID.
	 * @param array $args     {
	 *     Arguments used to create the application password.
	 *
	 *     @type string $name   The name of the application password.
	 *     @type string $app_id A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 * }
	 * @return array|WP_Error {
	 *     Application password details, or a WP_Error instance if an error occurs.
	 *
	 *     @type string $0 The generated application password in plain text.
	 *     @type array  $1 {
	 *         The details about the created password.
	 *
	 *         @type string $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
	 *         @type string $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 *         @type string $name      The name of the application password.
	 *         @type string $password  A one-way hash of the password.
	 *         @type int    $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
	 *         @type null   $last_used Null.
	 *         @type null   $last_ip   Null.
	 *     }
	 * }
	 */
	public static function create_new_application_password( $user_id, $args = array() ) {
		if ( ! empty( $args[&#039;name&#039;] ) ) {
			$args[&#039;name&#039;] = sanitize_text_field( $args[&#039;name&#039;] );
		}

		if ( empty( $args[&#039;name&#039;] ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( &#039;application_password_empty_name&#039;, __( &#039;An application name is required to create an application password.&#039; ), array( &#039;status&#039; =&gt; 400 ) );
		}

		$new_password    = wp_generate_password( static::PW_LENGTH, false );
		$hashed_password = self::hash_password( $new_password );

		$new_item = array(
			&#039;uuid&#039;      =&gt; wp_generate_uuid4(),
			&#039;app_id&#039;    =&gt; empty( $args[&#039;app_id&#039;] ) ? &#039;&#039; : $args[&#039;app_id&#039;],
			&#039;name&#039;      =&gt; $args[&#039;name&#039;],
			&#039;password&#039;  =&gt; $hashed_password,
			&#039;created&#039;   =&gt; time(),
			&#039;last_used&#039; =&gt; null,
			&#039;last_ip&#039;   =&gt; null,
		);

		$passwords   = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );
		$passwords[] = $new_item;
		$saved       = static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords );

		if ( ! $saved ) {
			return new WP_Error( &#039;db_error&#039;, __( &#039;Could not save application password.&#039; ) );
		}

		$network_id = get_main_network_id();
		if ( ! get_network_option( $network_id, self::OPTION_KEY_IN_USE ) ) {
			update_network_option( $network_id, self::OPTION_KEY_IN_USE, true );
		}

		/**
		 * Fires when an application password is created.
		 *
		 * @since 5.6.0
		 * @since 6.8.0 The hashed password value now uses wp_fast_hash() instead of phpass.
		 *
		 * @param int    $user_id      The user ID.
		 * @param array  $new_item     {
		 *     The details about the created password.
		 *
		 *     @type string $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
		 *     @type string $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
		 *     @type string $name      The name of the application password.
		 *     @type string $password  A one-way hash of the password.
		 *     @type int    $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
		 *     @type null   $last_used Null.
		 *     @type null   $last_ip   Null.
		 * }
		 * @param string $new_password The generated application password in plain text.
		 * @param array  $args         {
		 *     Arguments used to create the application password.
		 *
		 *     @type string $name   The name of the application password.
		 *     @type string $app_id A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
		 * }
		 */
		do_action( &#039;wp_create_application_password&#039;, $user_id, $new_item, $new_password, $args );

		return array( $new_password, $new_item );
	}

	/**
	 * Gets a user&#039;s application passwords.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int $user_id User ID.
	 * @return array {
	 *     The list of application passwords.
	 *
	 *     @type array ...$0 {
	 *         @type string      $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
	 *         @type string      $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 *         @type string      $name      The name of the application password.
	 *         @type string      $password  A one-way hash of the password.
	 *         @type int         $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
	 *         @type int|null    $last_used The Unix timestamp of the GMT date the application password was last used.
	 *         @type string|null $last_ip   The IP address the application password was last used by.
	 *     }
	 * }
	 */
	public static function get_user_application_passwords( $user_id ) {
		$passwords = get_user_meta( $user_id, static::USERMETA_KEY_APPLICATION_PASSWORDS, true );

		if ( ! is_array( $passwords ) ) {
			return array();
		}

		$save = false;

		foreach ( $passwords as $i =&gt; $password ) {
			if ( ! isset( $password[&#039;uuid&#039;] ) ) {
				$passwords[ $i ][&#039;uuid&#039;] = wp_generate_uuid4();
				$save                    = true;
			}
		}

		if ( $save ) {
			static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords );
		}

		return $passwords;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets a user&#039;s application password with the given UUID.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int    $user_id User ID.
	 * @param string $uuid    The password&#039;s UUID.
	 * @return array|null {
	 *     The application password if found, null otherwise.
	 *
	 *     @type string      $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
	 *     @type string      $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 *     @type string      $name      The name of the application password.
	 *     @type string      $password  A one-way hash of the password.
	 *     @type int         $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
	 *     @type int|null    $last_used The Unix timestamp of the GMT date the application password was last used.
	 *     @type string|null $last_ip   The IP address the application password was last used by.
	 * }
	 */
	public static function get_user_application_password( $user_id, $uuid ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		foreach ( $passwords as $password ) {
			if ( $password[&#039;uuid&#039;] === $uuid ) {
				return $password;
			}
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if an application password with the given name exists for this user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.7.0
	 *
	 * @param int    $user_id User ID.
	 * @param string $name    Application name.
	 * @return bool Whether the provided application name exists.
	 */
	public static function application_name_exists_for_user( $user_id, $name ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		foreach ( $passwords as $password ) {
			if ( strtolower( $password[&#039;name&#039;] ) === strtolower( $name ) ) {
				return true;
			}
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Updates an application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 * @since 6.8.0 The actual password should now be hashed using wp_fast_hash().
	 *
	 * @param int    $user_id User ID.
	 * @param string $uuid    The password&#039;s UUID.
	 * @param array  $update  {
	 *     Information about the application password to update.
	 *
	 *     @type string      $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
	 *     @type string      $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 *     @type string      $name      The name of the application password.
	 *     @type string      $password  A one-way hash of the password.
	 *     @type int         $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
	 *     @type int|null    $last_used The Unix timestamp of the GMT date the application password was last used.
	 *     @type string|null $last_ip   The IP address the application password was last used by.
	 * }
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if successful, otherwise a WP_Error instance is returned on error.
	 */
	public static function update_application_password( $user_id, $uuid, $update = array() ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		foreach ( $passwords as &amp;$item ) {
			if ( $item[&#039;uuid&#039;] !== $uuid ) {
				continue;
			}

			if ( ! empty( $update[&#039;name&#039;] ) ) {
				$update[&#039;name&#039;] = sanitize_text_field( $update[&#039;name&#039;] );
			}

			$save = false;

			if ( ! empty( $update[&#039;name&#039;] ) &amp;&amp; $item[&#039;name&#039;] !== $update[&#039;name&#039;] ) {
				$item[&#039;name&#039;] = $update[&#039;name&#039;];
				$save         = true;
			}

			if ( $save ) {
				$saved = static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords );

				if ( ! $saved ) {
					return new WP_Error( &#039;db_error&#039;, __( &#039;Could not save application password.&#039; ) );
				}
			}

			/**
			 * Fires when an application password is updated.
			 *
			 * @since 5.6.0
			 * @since 6.8.0 The password is now hashed using wp_fast_hash() instead of phpass.
			 *              Existing passwords may still be hashed using phpass.
			 *
			 * @param int   $user_id The user ID.
			 * @param array $item    {
			 *     The updated application password details.
			 *
			 *     @type string      $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
			 *     @type string      $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
			 *     @type string      $name      The name of the application password.
			 *     @type string      $password  A one-way hash of the password.
			 *     @type int         $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
			 *     @type int|null    $last_used The Unix timestamp of the GMT date the application password was last used.
			 *     @type string|null $last_ip   The IP address the application password was last used by.
			 * }
			 * @param array $update  The information to update.
			 */
			do_action( &#039;wp_update_application_password&#039;, $user_id, $item, $update );

			return true;
		}

		return new WP_Error( &#039;application_password_not_found&#039;, __( &#039;Could not find an application password with that id.&#039; ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Records that an application password has been used.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int    $user_id User ID.
	 * @param string $uuid    The password&#039;s UUID.
	 * @return true|WP_Error True if the usage was recorded, a WP_Error if an error occurs.
	 */
	public static function record_application_password_usage( $user_id, $uuid ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		foreach ( $passwords as &amp;$password ) {
			if ( $password[&#039;uuid&#039;] !== $uuid ) {
				continue;
			}

			// Only record activity once a day.
			if ( $password[&#039;last_used&#039;] + DAY_IN_SECONDS &gt; time() ) {
				return true;
			}

			$password[&#039;last_used&#039;] = time();
			$password[&#039;last_ip&#039;]   = $_SERVER[&#039;REMOTE_ADDR&#039;];

			$saved = static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords );

			if ( ! $saved ) {
				return new WP_Error( &#039;db_error&#039;, __( &#039;Could not save application password.&#039; ) );
			}

			return true;
		}

		// Specified application password not found!
		return new WP_Error( &#039;application_password_not_found&#039;, __( &#039;Could not find an application password with that id.&#039; ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes an application password.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int    $user_id User ID.
	 * @param string $uuid    The password&#039;s UUID.
	 * @return true|WP_Error Whether the password was successfully found and deleted, a WP_Error otherwise.
	 */
	public static function delete_application_password( $user_id, $uuid ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		foreach ( $passwords as $key =&gt; $item ) {
			if ( $item[&#039;uuid&#039;] === $uuid ) {
				unset( $passwords[ $key ] );
				$saved = static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords );

				if ( ! $saved ) {
					return new WP_Error( &#039;db_error&#039;, __( &#039;Could not delete application password.&#039; ) );
				}

				/**
				 * Fires when an application password is deleted.
				 *
				 * @since 5.6.0
				 *
				 * @param int   $user_id The user ID.
				 * @param array $item    The data about the application password.
				 */
				do_action( &#039;wp_delete_application_password&#039;, $user_id, $item );

				return true;
			}
		}

		return new WP_Error( &#039;application_password_not_found&#039;, __( &#039;Could not find an application password with that id.&#039; ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes all application passwords for the given user.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int $user_id User ID.
	 * @return int|WP_Error The number of passwords that were deleted or a WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	public static function delete_all_application_passwords( $user_id ) {
		$passwords = static::get_user_application_passwords( $user_id );

		if ( $passwords ) {
			$saved = static::set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, array() );

			if ( ! $saved ) {
				return new WP_Error( &#039;db_error&#039;, __( &#039;Could not delete application passwords.&#039; ) );
			}

			foreach ( $passwords as $item ) {
				/** This action is documented in wp-includes/class-wp-application-passwords.php */
				do_action( &#039;wp_delete_application_password&#039;, $user_id, $item );
			}

			return count( $passwords );
		}

		return 0;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets a user&#039;s application passwords.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param int   $user_id   User ID.
	 * @param array $passwords {
	 *     The list of application passwords.
	 *
	 *     @type array ...$0 {
	 *         @type string      $uuid      The unique identifier for the application password.
	 *         @type string      $app_id    A UUID provided by the application to uniquely identify it.
	 *         @type string      $name      The name of the application password.
	 *         @type string      $password  A one-way hash of the password.
	 *         @type int         $created   Unix timestamp of when the password was created.
	 *         @type int|null    $last_used The Unix timestamp of the GMT date the application password was last used.
	 *         @type string|null $last_ip   The IP address the application password was last used by.
	 *     }
	 * }
	 * @return int|bool User meta ID if the key didn&#039;t exist (ie. this is the first time that an application password
	 *                  has been saved for the user), true on successful update, false on failure or if the value passed
	 *                  is the same as the one that is already in the database.
	 */
	protected static function set_user_application_passwords( $user_id, $passwords ) {
		return update_user_meta( $user_id, static::USERMETA_KEY_APPLICATION_PASSWORDS, $passwords );
	}

	/**
	 * Sanitizes and then splits a password into smaller chunks.
	 *
	 * @since 5.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string $raw_password The raw application password.
	 * @return string The chunked password.
	 */
	public static function chunk_password(
		#[\SensitiveParameter]
		$raw_password
	) {
		$raw_password = preg_replace( &#039;/[^a-z\d]/i&#039;, &#039;&#039;, $raw_password );

		return trim( chunk_split( $raw_password, 4, &#039; &#039; ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Hashes a plaintext application password.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $password Plaintext password.
	 * @return string Hashed password.
	 */
	public static function hash_password(
		#[\SensitiveParameter]
		string $password
	): string {
		return wp_fast_hash( $password );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks a plaintext application password against a hashed password.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $password Plaintext password.
	 * @param string $hash     Hash of the password to check against.
	 * @return bool Whether the password matches the hashed password.
	 */
	public static function check_password(
		#[\SensitiveParameter]
		string $password,
		string $hash
	): bool {
		if ( ! str_starts_with( $hash, &#039;$generic$&#039; ) ) {
			/*
			 * If the hash doesn&#039;t start with `$generic$`, it is a hash created with `wp_hash_password()`.
			 * This is the case for application passwords created before 6.8.0.
			 */
			return wp_check_password( $password, $hash );
		}

		return wp_verify_fast_hash( $password, $hash );
	}
}
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